The front can be broken into four areas. The speaker, the display, the bottom row of controls and the rest of the controls. The speaker is on the left. The display makes up the top right quarter of the front. The bottom row of controls, from left to right. - Power switch, square. - Headphone jack, 1/8 inch, stereo. - Volume knob. - Bass knob. - Treble knob. - Squelch for aircraft band. Turn full right for open squelch. - Attenuator button. Tall rectangle. - AGC button. Tall rectangle. - IF bandwidth button. Round. Each press cycles through 6, 4 and 2.3 kHz bandwidth. - AM/sync button. Round. Selects AM mode. Toggles between AM mode and sync mode. - SSB/USB/LSB button, round. Selects SSB mode and toggles between USB and LSB. - Band Button, round. Cycles through air, FM, short-wave and AM modes. The rest of the controls. These are below the display. I'll describe them in four groups. Rightmost is the tuning knob. Immediately to the left are up and down tuning buttons. They are tall rectangles. Tune up is above the tune down button. Leftmost, and near the center of the radio are three rectangular buttons that are twice as wide as they are tall. They are arranged one above the other. The top is the 'clock' button for displaying the time. In the middle is the timer button. On the bottom is the lamp button. To the right of these buttons is the numeric keypad. It is four rows of three buttons each. 1, 2, 3 in the top row. 4, 5, 6 in the second row. 7, 8, 9 in the third row. 0, period and clear are in the bottom row. Tuning is done by entering a frequency appropriate to the band you are in. AM and short-wave frequencies are entered in kHz. FM and air frequencies are entered in MHz. The decimal point can be used for fractional frequencies. After the frequency is entered the radio will jump to the frequency. Either immediately or after a few seconds. If you have entered enough digits after the decimal point the jump is immediate. Otherwise the radio will wait two seconds an then jump. Also, the decimal point button acts as an enter key. You can enter digits up to the decimal and press the decimal point twice to jump immediately to the frequency. Holding the clear button in for a few seconds will lock the keypad. Repeat to unlock. To the right of the numeric keypad are eight miscellaneous buttons. They are arranged as two columns of four wider then tall buttons each. 1) The left column, top to bottom. - STORE - BEEP - SKIP - DELETE 2) The rightcolumn, top to bottom. - MEMORY - VFO - SW BAND - SCAN That is it for the front controls. There are two groups of connections on the back. One for antenna and the other for power and audio connections. Facing the back of the radio, the antenna connections are on the lower left. From left to right you have the low frequency antenna selector switch, the high frequency antenna selector, and 'F' connector for the FM/AIR antenna, two push terminals for the 500 ohm wire antenna, first the ground, then the signal connector and finally the SO-239 short-wave antenna connector. The first switch has the 'whip', '50 ohm', and '500 ohm' antenna positions. The second switch and 'whip' and 'F connector' settings. Hint: For the switches, the whip positions are closer to the end of the radio and the screw on connector positions are toward the middle of the radio. Finally, on the lower right of the back you find the left and right mono or line outputs, the power connector and the external speaker connector. The battery cover is a big sliding panel in the center of the back. There is a ribbed surface to assist in sliding it to the left or right. Six D batteries are used. On the top row the tops of the battery point toward the whip antenna. The tops of the batteries in the bottom row point away from the whip antenna.